:root{--ink:#142525;--cream:#f5f1e9;--gold:#d8a653;--rust:#b55136;--mist:#e4ece8;--line:rgba(20,37,37,.16)}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}body{margin:0;background:var(--cream);color:var(--ink);font-family:"DM Sans",sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.55}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}.shell{width:min(1180px,calc(100% - 48px));margin:auto}.skip-link{position:absolute;transform:translateY(-100%);background:#fff;padding:8px;z-index:20}.skip-link:focus{transform:translateY(0)}.utility-bar{background:var(--ink);color:#fff;font-size:12px}.utility-content{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding:9px 0}.utility-content a{margin-left:22px;opacity:.82}.nav-row{height:92px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:30px}.brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:9px;letter-spacing:.1em;line-height:1}.brand strong{display:block;font-size:17px}.brand small{font-size:8px;letter-spacing:.26em}.brand-mark{width:37px;height:37px;display:grid;place-items:center;background:var(--rust);color:#fff;font-family:"Playfair Display",serif;font-size:25px}.main-nav{display:flex;gap:25px;margin-left:auto;font-size:14px;font-weight:600}.main-nav a{padding:34px 0;border-bottom:2px solid transparent}.main-nav a:hover,.main-nav .active{border-color:var(--rust)}.button{display:inline-flex;gap:16px;align-items:center;border:1px solid var(--rust);background:var(--rust);color:#fff;padding:14px 19px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;transition:.2s}.button:hover{background:#8e3c29;border-color:#8e3c29}.button-small{padding:10px 13px;font-size:13px}.menu-toggle{display:none;background:none;border:0;font:inherit;font-weight:700}.hero{height:650px;position:relative;display:grid;align-items:end;color:#fff;overflow:hidden}.hero-image,.hero-overlay{position:absolute;inset:0}.hero-image{background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(8,24,24,.52),rgba(8,24,24,.12)),url("https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1564981797816-1043664bf78d?auto=format&fit=crop&w=2000&q=85") center/cover}.hero-overlay{background:linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(6,20,20,.5),transparent 55%)}.hero-content{position:relative;padding-bottom:112px}.eyebrow{color:var(--rust);font-size:12px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0 0 17px}.eyebrow.light{color:#ffcd76}h1,h2,h3{font-family:"Playfair Display",serif;line-height:1.08;margin:0}h1{font-size:clamp(48px,7vw,83px);max-width:830px}h2{font-size:clamp(35px,4.1vw,57px)}.hero-copy{max-width:490px;font-size:19px;margin:23px 0 29px}.hero-actions{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:27px}.text-link{font-weight:700;font-size:14px;border-bottom:1px solid currentColor;padding-bottom:4px}.text-link span{margin-left:8px}.text-link.light{color:white}.hero-note{position:absolute;right:max(24px,calc((100% - 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1180px)/2)) 70px 90px}.feature-content h2{max-width:500px}.feature-content>p:not(.eyebrow){font-size:17px;max-width:470px;margin:28px 0}.button-outline{background:transparent;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.75)}.button-outline:hover{background:#fff;color:var(--ink);border-color:#fff}.admissions{background:var(--mist)}.admission-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:110px}.admission-grid>div>p:not(.eyebrow){font-size:18px;max-width:450px;margin:22px 0 31px}.admission-grid ol{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.admission-grid li{display:flex;gap:22px;padding:21px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.admission-grid b{color:var(--rust)}.admission-grid strong,.admission-grid small{display:block}.admission-grid small{color:#59706e;font-size:14px}.results-section{background:linear-gradient(110deg,#183b39,#102827);color:#fff;padding:72px 0}.results-panel{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr .88fr;gap:90px;align-items:center}.results-panel h2{font-size:47px}.results-panel p:not(.eyebrow){max-width:470px}.results-panel form{background:#fff;color:var(--ink);padding:30px}.results-panel label{font-size:13px;font-weight:700;display:block;margin-bottom:7px}.results-panel input{width:100%;padding:14px;border:1px solid #aab9b6;font:inherit;margin-bottom:13px}.results-panel button{width:100%;justify-content:space-between}.form-message{min-height:20px;font-size:13px;margin:13px 0 0!important;color:#45615d}.news-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:25px}.news-grid article{padding:28px;background:#fff;border-top:3px solid var(--gold)}.news-grid p{font-size:11px;color:var(--rust);font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.08em}.news-grid h3{font-size:26px;margin:20px 0 35px}.news-grid a{font-size:13px;font-weight:700}footer{background:var(--ink);color:#f7f3e9;padding:59px 0 19px}.footer-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.5fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;gap:25px}.footer-brand{color:#fff}.footer-grid p{font-size:14px;color:#bdcfcd}.footer-grid strong{font-size:13px}.footer-grid a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.footer-grid .button:hover{text-decoration:none}.footer-bottom{margin-top:55px;padding-top:17px;border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.16);display:flex;justify-content:space-between;color:#9bb0ad;font-size:12px}
@media(max-width:800px){.shell{width:min(100% - 32px,1180px)}.utility-content{font-size:11px}.utility-content a{margin-left:10px}.nav-row{height:72px}.main-nav,.apply-link{display:none}.menu-toggle{margin-left:auto;display:block}.main-nav.open{position:absolute;z-index:4;top:112px;left:0;right:0;padding:18px 16px;background:#fff;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:0;box-shadow:0 12px 20px #0002}.main-nav a{padding:12px;border:0}.hero{height:580px}.hero-content{padding-bottom:90px}.hero-note{display:none}.quick-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.quick-grid a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.intro,.admission-grid,.results-panel{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:35px}.section{padding:75px 0}.stats-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:25px}.stats-grid div:nth-child(3){padding-left:0;border:0}.program-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.program-grid article:nth-child(3){border-left:1px solid var(--line)}.feature-section{grid-template-columns:1fr}.feature-photo{min-height:310px}.feature-content{padding:70px 24px}.section-heading{align-items:start;gap:22px;flex-direction:column}.news-grid,.footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.footer-bottom{gap:8px;flex-direction:column}.hero-actions{gap:16px;flex-wrap:wrap}}@media(max-width:440px){.quick-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.quick-grid a{border-left:1px solid var(--line)!important}.program-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.program-grid article{border-left:1px solid var(--line)!important}.stats-grid strong{font-size:42px}}

/* Royal Academy brand and results portal */
.royal-site{--ink:#321e48;--cream:#f6f2ea;--gold:#7288ae;--rust:#4b5694;--mist:#eae0cf}.royal-nav-row{gap:22px}.royal-brand,.portal-brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;line-height:1.1;letter-spacing:.08em}.royal-brand img{width:58px;height:58px;object-fit:contain}.royal-brand strong,.portal-brand strong{display:block;font-size:16px}.royal-brand small,.portal-brand small{display:block;font-size:7px;letter-spacing:.13em;margin-top:4px}.royal-brand.footer-brand img{width:66px;height:66px}.programme-list{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.programme-list article{display:grid;grid-template-columns:56px minmax(0,1fr) 75px;gap:20px;align-items:center;padding:23px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.programme-list b{color:var(--rust);font-size:13px}.programme-list h3{font-size:23px}.programme-list em{font-family:"DM Sans",sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-style:normal;color:#506362;font-weight:500}.programme-list a{font-weight:700;font-size:13px}.results-cta{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:13px}.results-cta small{color:#cbd8d6}.results-page{min-height:100vh;background:linear-gradient(145deg,#321e48,#4b5694);font-family:"DM Sans",sans-serif;color:#321e48}.portal-wrap{width:min(100% - 34px,560px);margin:auto;padding:55px 0 35px}.portal-brand{color:white;justify-content:center;margin-bottom:35px;text-align:left}.portal-brand img{width:74px;height:74px;object-fit:contain;background:#fff;border-radius:50%;padding:2px}.portal-card{background:#fff;padding:42px;box-shadow:0 22px 60px rgba(20,10,37,.28)}.portal-card h1{font-size:42px}.portal-intro{color:#536062;margin:17px 0 29px}.portal-card label{font-size:13px;font-weight:700;display:block;margin:17px 0 6px}.portal-card input{width:100%;border:1px solid #c8c6cc;padding:13px;font:inherit;color:#321e48}.portal-card input:focus{outline:2px solid #7288ae;border-color:#7288ae}.portal-card button{width:100%;margin-top:25px;justify-content:space-between}.portal-message{min-height:20px;margin:15px 0 0;color:#4b5694;font-size:13px}.portal-help{text-align:center;color:#eae0cf;font-size:13px;margin-top:27px}@media(max-width:800px){.royal-brand small{max-width:145px}.programme-list article{grid-template-columns:36px minmax(0,1fr);gap:10px}.programme-list a{grid-column:2}.portal-card{padding:29px 23px}.portal-wrap{padding-top:34px}}

.portal-card select{width:100%;border:1px solid #c8c6cc;padding:13px;background:#fff;font:inherit;color:#321e48}.back-link{margin-left:auto}.programme-page{background:var(--cream)}.programme-hero,.research-hero{background:linear-gradient(115deg,rgba(50,30,72,.91),rgba(75,86,148,.87)),url("https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1531482615713-2afd69097998?auto=format&fit=crop&w=1800&q=85") center/cover;color:#fff;padding:115px 0}.programme-hero h1,.research-hero h1{max-width:850px}.programme-hero p:last-child,.research-hero p:last-child{max-width:620px;font-size:19px}.programme-body{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:100px}.programme-body>div:last-child{font-size:18px}.programme-body .button{margin-top:25px}.research-hero{background-image:linear-gradient(115deg,rgba(50,30,72,.91),rgba(75,86,148,.78)),url("https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1576086213369-97a306d36557?auto=format&fit=crop&w=1800&q=85")}.research-intro{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:95px;font-size:18px}.research-gallery{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.12fr .88fr;grid-template-rows:255px 255px;gap:18px}.lab-photo{margin:0;position:relative;background-position:center;background-size:cover;min-height:220px}.lab-photo.one{grid-row:span 2;background-image:url("https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1532187863486-abf9dbad1b69?auto=format&fit=crop&w=1100&q=85")}.lab-photo.two{background-image:url("https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1582719478250-c89cae4dc85b?auto=format&fit=crop&w=1100&q=85")}.lab-photo.three{background-image:url("https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1532094349884-543bc11b234d?auto=format&fit=crop&w=1100&q=85")}.lab-photo:after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;background:linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(20,11,38,.72),transparent 58%)}.lab-photo figcaption{position:absolute;z-index:1;bottom:18px;left:20px;color:#fff;font-family:"Playfair Display";font-size:21px;max-width:240px;line-height:1.15}.articles{background:var(--mist)}.article-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:22px;margin-top:37px}.article-grid article{padding:35px;background:#fff}.article-grid span{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.12em;color:var(--rust);font-weight:700}.article-grid h3{font-size:29px;margin:18px 0}.image-credit{font-size:12px;color:#5b6670;margin-top:25px}.marksheet-page{background:#eae0cf;padding:35px 16px;font-family:"DM Sans",sans-serif;color:#321e48}.marksheet{width:min(100%,960px);margin:auto;background:#fff;padding:48px;box-shadow:0 8px 32px rgba(50,30,72,.16)}.marksheet-header{display:flex;gap:21px;align-items:center;border-bottom:3px solid #4b5694;padding-bottom:21px}.marksheet-header img{width:78px;height:78px;object-fit:contain}.marksheet-header p{font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.06em;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 5px}.marksheet-header h1{font-size:30px}.student-details{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:18px 34px;padding:25px 0}.student-details span,.final-result span{display:block;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.1em;color:#586277;font-weight:700}.student-details strong{font-size:15px}.semester-card{margin:19px 0 26px}.semester-card h2{font-size:22px;background:#eae0cf;padding:10px 13px}.semester-card table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:14px}.semester-card th{background:#321e48;color:#fff;text-align:left;font-size:12px}.semester-card th,.semester-card td{padding:10px 12px;border-bottom:1px solid #d8d1dd}.semester-card td:not(:first-child),.semester-card th:not(:first-child){text-align:center}.final-result{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:5px 22px;align-items:end;border:2px solid #4b5694;padding:19px}.final-result strong{font-family:"Playfair Display";font-size:23px}.marksheet-note{font-size:12px;color:#5d6473;margin:24px 0 10px}.print-button{border:0;background:#4b5694;color:#fff;padding:12px 19px;font:inherit;font-weight:700}@media(max-width:800px){.programme-body,.research-intro{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:32px}.research-gallery{grid-template-columns:1fr;grid-template-rows:auto}.lab-photo.one{grid-row:auto;min-height:310px}.lab-photo{min-height:235px}.article-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.marksheet{padding:23px 14px}.marksheet-header h1{font-size:23px}.student-details,.final-result{grid-template-columns:1fr}.semester-card{overflow-x:auto}.semester-card table{min-width:570px}}@media print{.marksheet-page{background:#fff;padding:0}.marksheet{box-shadow:none;width:100%;padding:0}.print-button{display:none}}

.accreditation-ticker{overflow:hidden;background:#4b5694;color:#fff;white-space:nowrap;border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25);border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25)}.accreditation-ticker div{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:24px;min-width:max-content;padding:9px 0;animation:academy-ticker 22s linear infinite;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase}.accreditation-ticker b{color:#eae0cf}@keyframes academy-ticker{from{transform:translateX(0)}to{transform:translateX(-50%)}}.research-highlight{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:14px;padding:16px 0 24px;border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.24);margin:34px 0 0!important}.research-highlight strong{font-family:"Playfair Display";font-size:47px;line-height:1;color:#eae0cf}.research-highlight span{font-size:14px;line-height:1.35;max-width:190px}.research-highlight b{font-weight:700}@media(max-width:800px){.research-highlight strong{font-size:39px}.accreditation-ticker div{font-size:10px}}.royal-nav-row{min-height:108px;height:auto}.royal-brand{gap:13px}.royal-brand img{width:74px;height:74px}.royal-brand strong{font-family:"Roboto Slab",Georgia,serif;font-size:20px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.035em}.royal-brand small{font-family:"Roboto Slab",Georgia,serif;font-size:8px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.1em;margin-top:5px}.footer-brand strong,.footer-brand small{font-family:"Roboto Slab",Georgia,serif}@media(max-width:800px){.royal-nav-row{min-height:82px}.royal-brand{gap:9px}.royal-brand img{width:55px;height:55px}.royal-brand strong{font-size:15px}.royal-brand small{font-size:6px}}.semester-card th:nth-child(2),.semester-card td:nth-child(2){text-align:left}.semester-card table{min-width:700px}.student-details{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}.university-masthead{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:14px;padding:16px 0 13px}.university-masthead img{width:74px;height:74px;object-fit:contain}.university-masthead h1{font-family:"Roboto Slab",Georgia,serif;font-size:clamp(15px,1.7vw,25px);font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.012em;line-height:1.1;margin:0;white-space:nowrap}.royal-menu-row{min-height:58px;height:58px;justify-content:center;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.royal-menu-row .main-nav{margin:0}.royal-menu-row .main-nav a{padding:18px 0}.royal-menu-row .apply-link{margin-left:24px}@media(max-width:800px){.student-details{grid-template-columns:1fr}.university-masthead{gap:9px;padding:10px 0}.university-masthead img{width:50px;height:50px}.university-masthead h1{font-size:8px;letter-spacing:0}.royal-menu-row{min-height:58px}.royal-menu-row .menu-toggle{margin-left:auto}.royal-menu-row .apply-link{display:none}.royal-menu-row .main-nav.open{top:150px}}
/* Prevent pinch and double-tap zoom across Royal Academy pages. */
html,body{touch-action:pan-x pan-y}

/* Royal Academy palette: maroon, coral and ivory. */
body.royal-site{--ink:#60241e!important;--cream:#fff!important;--gold:#b34a44!important;--rust:#b34a44!important;--mist:#fff!important;--line:rgba(96,36,30,.22)!important}
body.royal-site,.programme-page{background:#fff;color:#60241e}
body.royal-site .quick-links,body.royal-site .programs,body.royal-site .news-grid article,body.royal-site .results-panel form{background:#fff}
body.royal-site .utility-bar,body.royal-site .stats-band,body.royal-site footer,body.royal-site .feature-section,body.royal-site .results-section{background:#60241e}
body.royal-site .button{background:#b34a44;border-color:#b34a44;color:#fff}
body.royal-site .button:hover{background:#60241e;border-color:#60241e}
body.royal-site .button-outline{background:transparent;border-color:#fff;color:#fff}
body.royal-site .button-outline:hover{background:#fff;border-color:#fff;color:#60241e}
body.royal-site .quick-icon{background:#b34a44;color:#fff}
body.royal-site .quick-grid small,body.royal-site .program-grid p,body.royal-site .programme-list em,body.royal-site .admission-grid small{color:#60241e}
body.royal-site .footer-grid p,body.royal-site .footer-bottom{color:#fff}
body.royal-site .accreditation-ticker{background:#b34a44}
.results-page{background:linear-gradient(145deg,#60241e,#b34a44);color:#60241e}
.portal-card,.application-card,.signup-card{background:#fff}
.portal-card input:focus,.portal-card select:focus{outline-color:#b34a44;border-color:#b34a44}
.portal-message{color:#b34a44}
.marksheet-page{background:#fff;color:#60241e}
.marksheet{background:#fff}
.marksheet-header{border-color:#b34a44}
.semester-card h2{background:#fff}
.semester-card th{background:#60241e}
.final-result{border-color:#b34a44}
.print-button{background:#b34a44}

.programme-details{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:20px;margin:32px 0}
.programme-details>div{border:1px solid rgba(96,36,30,.22);padding:22px;background:#fff}
.programme-details h3{font-family:"Playfair Display",serif;font-size:22px;color:#60241e;margin:0 0 13px}
.programme-details ul{margin:0;padding-left:19px}
.programme-details li{margin:8px 0;color:#60241e;font-size:15px}
@media(max-width:800px){.programme-details{grid-template-columns:1fr}.programme-details>div{padding:19px}}

.programme-hero{background-image:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(96,36,30,.86),rgba(96,36,30,.28)),url("assets/royal-academy-programme-students.png")!important;background-position:center!important}

.about-approval{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin:24px 0 20px;padding:11px 14px;border:1px solid rgba(96,36,30,.22);background:#fff}
.about-approval img{width:94px;height:70px;object-fit:cover;object-position:center}
.about-approval strong,.about-approval small{display:block}
.about-approval strong{font-size:14px;color:#60241e}
.about-approval small{margin-top:2px;font-size:11px;color:#60241e}
@media(max-width:500px){.about-approval{align-items:flex-start}.about-approval img{width:80px;height:60px}}